#include #include #include /* Check if the compiler thinks you are targeting the wrong operating system. */ #if defined(__linux__) #error "You are not using a cross-compiler, you will most certainly run into trouble" #endif /* This tutorial will only work for the 32-bit ix86 targets. */ #if !defined(__i386__) #error "This tutorial needs to be compiled with a ix86-elf compiler" #endif /* Hardware text mode color constants. */ enum vga_color { VGA_COLOR_BLACK = 0, VGA_COLOR_BLUE = 1, VGA_COLOR_GREEN = 2, VGA_COLOR_CYAN = 3, VGA_COLOR_RED = 4, VGA_COLOR_MAGENTA = 5, VGA_COLOR_BROWN = 6, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_GREY = 7, VGA_COLOR_DARK_GREY = 8, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_BLUE = 9, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN = 10, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_CYAN = 11, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_RED = 12, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_MAGENTA = 13, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_BROWN = 14, VGA_COLOR_WHITE = 15, }; static inline uint8_t vga_entry_color(enum vga_color fg, enum vga_color bg) { return fg | bg << 4; } static inline uint16_t vga_entry(unsigned char uc, uint8_t color) { return (uint16_t) uc | (uint16_t) color << 8; } size_t strlen(const char* str) { size_t len = 0; while (str[len]) len++; return len; } static const size_t VGA_WIDTH = 80; static const size_t VGA_HEIGHT = 25; size_t terminal_row; size_t terminal_column; uint8_t terminal_color; uint16_t* terminal_buffer; void terminal_initialize(void) { terminal_row = 0; terminal_column = 0; terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_GREY, VGA_COLOR_BLACK); terminal_buffer = (uint16_t*) 0xB8000; for (size_t y = 0; y < VGA_HEIGHT; y++) { for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++) { const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x; terminal_buffer[index] = vga_entry(' ', terminal_color); } } } void terminal_setcolor(uint8_t color) { terminal_color = color; } void terminal_putentryat(char c, uint8_t color, size_t x, size_t y) { const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x; terminal_buffer[index] = vga_entry(c, color); } void terminal_putchar(char c) { terminal_putentryat(c, terminal_color, terminal_column, terminal_row); if (++terminal_column == VGA_WIDTH) { terminal_column = 0; if (++terminal_row == VGA_HEIGHT) { terminal_row--; // Fixed at last row now // Now we need to move from second line to end to the start for (size_t y = 1; y < VGA_HEIGHT; y++) { for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++) { const size_t src_index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x; char toCopy = terminal_buffer[src_index]; terminal_putentryat(toCopy, terminal_color, x, y-1); } } for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++) { terminal_putentryat(' ', terminal_color, x, VGA_HEIGHT - 1); } } } // Write branding uint8_t prevColor = terminal_color; terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_BLACK, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_MAGENTA); terminal_putentryat('M', terminal_color, VGA_WIDTH - 4, 0); terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_BLACK, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_CYAN); terminal_putentryat('K', terminal_color, VGA_WIDTH - 3, 0); terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_BLACK, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_BLUE); terminal_putentryat('O', terminal_color, VGA_WIDTH - 2, 0); terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_BLACK, VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN); terminal_putentryat('S', terminal_color, VGA_WIDTH - 1, 0); terminal_color = prevColor; } void terminal_newline() { for(size_t x = terminal_column; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++) { terminal_putchar(' '); } } void terminal_write(const char* data, size_t size) { for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) { if (data[i] == '\n') { terminal_newline(); } else { terminal_putchar(data[i]); } } } void terminal_writenum(int number) { size_t size = 0; char numChars[15]; while (number != 0) { int rest = number / 10; int digit = number % 10; numChars[14 - size++] = 48 + digit; number = rest; } terminal_write(numChars + (15 - size), size); } void terminal_writestring(const char* data) { terminal_write(data, strlen(data)); } void terminal_writegreeting() { terminal_writestring(" .-'''-. \n"); terminal_writestring(" ' _ \\ \n"); terminal_writestring(" __ __ ___ . / /` '. \\ \n"); terminal_writestring("| |/ `.' `. .'| . | \\ ' \n"); terminal_writestring("| .-. .-. ' .' | | ' | ' \n"); terminal_writestring("| | | | | |< | \\ \\ / / \n"); terminal_writestring("| | | | | | | | ____`. ` ..' / _ \n"); terminal_writestring("| | | | | | | | \\ .' '-...-'`.' | \n"); terminal_writestring("| | | | | | | |/ . . | / \n"); terminal_writestring("|__| |__| |__| | /\\ \\ .'.'| |// \n"); terminal_writestring(" | | \\ \\ .'.'.-' / \n"); terminal_writestring(" ' \\ \\ \\ .' \\_.' \n"); terminal_writestring(" '------' '---' \n"); } void kernel_main(void) { /* Initialize terminal interface */ terminal_initialize(); /* Newline support is left as an exercise. */ terminal_writestring("TEGO NIE POWINNO BYC WIDAC\n"); terminal_writestring("Witam i pozdrawiam, MK\nTest wielolinijkowosci\n"); for (size_t i = 0; i < VGA_HEIGHT - 3; i++) { for (size_t j = 0; j < i; j++) { terminal_writestring("*"); } if (i != VGA_HEIGHT - 3) terminal_writestring("\n"); } terminal_newline(); terminal_writenum(123456789); terminal_newline(); terminal_writegreeting(); }